大学英语四级考试模拟试题及答案解析(3)

　　Part I Writing (30 minutes)

　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay under the title of "Sending Kids to Training Classes". You are required to write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

　　1. 就送孩子参加培训班一事，概述大家的普遍看法；

　　2. 提出你的观点，并且分点进行论证；

　　3. 再次表明你的观点，总结全文。

　　Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)

　　© Section A

　　Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

　　Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

　　1. A) Heart disease. B) Suicide. C) Obesity. D) Both A and B.

　　2. A) The more coffee people drink, the longer people live.

　　B) It is the caffeine in coffee that benefits people's health.

　　C) Decaffeinated coffee also protects people from heart disease.

　　D) People had better choose caffeinated coffee.

　　Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.

　　3. A) Gathering people to come up with new projects online.

　　B) Appealing people to donate to the charity online.

　　C) Raising projects fund online.

　　D) Selling your creative projects online.

　　4. A) Kickstarter charges US $25 for non-American campaigns.

　　B) Kickstarter was established in 2009.

　　C) Kickstarter has invested in more than 90,000 creative projects.

　　D) Kickstarter is an online platform where people trade projects for money.

　　Questions 5 and 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.

　　5. A) The second day in October. B) The second Monday in October.

　　C) The first day in October. D) The first Monday in October.

　　6. A) Bahamas. B) Indies . C) East Asia. D) America.

　　7. A) America. B) Italy. C) Bahamas. D) Cuba.

　　© Section B

　　Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

　　• Conversation One

　　Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　8. A) US $20 B) US $0 C) US $5 D) US $6

　　9. A) The fact that the hotel didn't charge for late checking out.

　　B) The large space of the room.

　　C) The comfortable beds in the room.

　　D) The refrigerator in the room.

　　10. A) The hotel didn't find the cleaner before 11 a.m.

　　B) The hotel only has one cleaner on duty until 11 a.m.

　　C) The cleaner didn't complete the cleaning before 11 a.m.

　　D) The cleaner started the cleaning at 11 a.m.

　　11. A) US $134 B) US $129 C) US $139 D) US $140

　　• Conversation Two

　　Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　12. A) Teacher and student. B) Sister and brother.

　　C) Good friends. D) Cousins.

　　13. A) She wants to watch the aurora. B) She wants to try the sledges.

　　C) She wants to see the sledge dogs. D) She wants to go to the Glacier National Park.

　　14. A) Taking a part-time job. B) Borrowing from Grandpa.

　　C) Pocket money. D) Scholarship.

　　15. A) Friday. B) Monday. C) Wednesday. D) Saturday.

　　© Section C

　　Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

　　• Passage One

　　Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　16. A) In his building's parking lot. B) On the street.

　　C) In the next block's parking lot. D) Near the entrance of a park.

　　17. A) He broken the sign by the entrance. B) His car was a stolen car.

　　C) The plot where his car parked was private. D) He didn't pay his parking ticket.

　　18. A) In a private parking lot. B) In a bus parking lot.

　　C) In the city garage. D) In the center of the town.

　　• Passage Two

　　Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　19. A) The great number of people taking care of health.

　　B) The rapid development of cigarette-manufacturing factories.

　　C) The increasing output of tobacco.

　　D) The rapid development of cigarette-making machines.

　　20. A) 43% of American adult women B) 41% of American adult women

　　C) 31% of American adult women D) 34% of American adult women

　　21. A) City people are less likely to smoke than countryside men.

　　B) A man with the higher income is likely to smoke more per day.

　　C) A high-educated man is likely to smoke more heavily than a high-educated woman.

　　D) More highly educated women are likely to smoke more than other women.

　　© Passage Three

　　Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　22. A) Excitement and energy. B) Passivity and calm.

　　C) Exciting but calming. D) Alarming and alerted.

　　23. A) To become excited and alert to danger.

　　B) To become passionate and calm.

　　C) To have an increasing in heartbeat and blood pressure.

　　D) To have a lowering in heartbeat and blood pressure.

　　24. A) Because yellow color can't symbolize danger anymore.

　　B) Because yellow color is more calming.

　　C) Because yellow color is more alarming.

　　D) Because yellow color can reduce the traffic dead.

　　25. A) The discipline of color psychology.

　　B) The different connotations of different colors.

　　C) The fact the colors have effects in people psychology and physical.

　　D) The way that people choose different colors as the signal.

　　Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

　　© Section A

　　Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

　　Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.

　　Lion populations throughout many parts of Africa have declined (26) since the early 1990s and are likely to shrink by half again in the next two decades unless a major conservation effort is (27) to save them, a new study has found. Overall, the African lion population has decreased about 50% since 1993 in West and Central Africa. In (28) , most populations in Southern Africa remained stable or even increased over the same time period.

　　Lion experts (29) the stability in southern countries to a lower density of humans, the establishment of fenced wildlife (30) that protect both lions and humans and national policies that have given ownership of wildlife—and the profits from tourism or legal hunting—to land owners and communities.

　　The threats to the lion's survival have grown (31) with the human population in many African nations. The spread of subsistence farming has (32) on the woodlands, open plains and thick bush where lions hunt and breed. With human settlements and large predators living in proximity, lions are often killed in (33) for attacks on livestock or humans. And a robust trade in bush meat has (34) the pray that big cats depend on for survival.

　　Poorly regulated trophy hunting has added to the problem in some countries. But some lion experts said hunting was a problem primarily in countries (35) corruption has infiltrated the industry. In places where the money from trophy hunting benefits people who live in the area, the practice can help conserve lions, by making it in communities' interests to keep population healthy.

　　A) retaliation B) attributed C) contributed D) depleted

　　E) preserves F) mounted G) sharply H) which

　　I) along J) encroached K) shrinking L) contrast

　　M) contrary N) where O) increased

　　© Section B

　　Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

　　A) Between the fall of 2012 and the fall of 2013, astronomers took a deep, long look into the atmosphere of GJ 1214 b, a distant Earth-sized planet in a tight orbit around a cool, red star. Fifteen times it crossed the face of its star as the Hubble Space Telescope watched. Each time, starlight would pass through the thin ring of atmosphere around the planet. Some of it would catch on airborne molecules—methane, carbon dioxide, or maybe even water vapor—leaving a spectral(光谱的) fingerprint.

　　B) At least that's what the astronomers hoped. It had worked for bigger, hotter planets, and now we'd be able to understand the atmosphere of one of the most earth-like exoplanets known. Going forward, we would use the same method to look at ever more familiar worlds, sniffing for chemicals that might have been exhaled by living organisms. With this trial run on GJ 1214 b, however, there was just one problem.

　　C) We saw nothing. Or, to say it in a kinder way, we saw something else amazing: a world enshrouded in alien clouds. The spectrum, painstakingly measured from light filtered through the planet's atmosphere, didn't show the telltale spikes and wiggles of molecules. Instead, it was featureless and flat.

　　D) In a paper published in Nature, astronomers inferred that an opaque layer of clouds had blocked Hubble's view. Suddenly, small planets around other stars seemed a lot harder to probe, even for the world's most powerful observatory. "They got a tremendous amount of Hubble Space Telescope time just to study that one planet in exquisite detail," says Jonathan Fortney, an astronomer at the University of California, Santa Cruz. "And that spectrum came back flat as a line."

　　E) Clouds, as it turns out, are everywhere. You can find them in every atmosphere in our own solar system, even Pluto(冥王星), which perhaps should have given us a hint. In endless permutations, they condense out of atmospheric chemistry, or cook up under the glare of the Sun. But in the puffy atmospheres of so-called "super-Earths"—which are common around other stars but absent from our solar system—astronomers were hoping for clearer skies.

　　F) "This is a double edged sword," says MIT's Zach Berta-Thompson, who is currently trying to use Hubble to study the newly discovered GJ 1132 b, a small, rocky world thought to resemble Venus. "It's really exciting to know that we have clouds that we didn't expect in some of these planetary atmospheres," he says. "But on the other hand it's really frustrating, because as astronomers, clouds are our natural born enemies—whether those clouds are around Earth or another planet."

　　G) Berta-Thompson's MIT colleague Sara Seager puts it more bluntly. Right now, Seager is working on building up a library of atmospheric signatures that might herald the presence of life on faraway planets. She hopes to find not just one but a handful of possibly inhabited worlds in the next few decades—a hard task made even harder if we keep seeing cloudy planets like GJ 1214 b. "That would be a disaster for everything we're working towards," Seager says. "If every planet has clouds to the level that one does, it might kill all our dreams."

　　H) All is not lost, though. A generation of astronomers are pioneering methods to see around and through clouds—or to avoid them all together. At the front lines is atmospheric modeler Caroline Morley, who is finishing up her Ph.D. in Fortney's lab in Santa Cruz before moving on to Harvard in the fall.

　　I) "We need to be a little bit more creative in the observations we do," Morley says. For one, we can study planets at times outside of when they are passing in front of their stars. Although looking at starlight shining through the ring of atmosphere is a powerful tool, our line of sight takes us the long way through sheets of clouds.

　　J) The idea is that in other phases of the planet's orbit, as it moves beside its star and then behind it, we can pick out starlight that reflects off the planet's atmosphere. Or perhaps we could even see a glow from the atmosphere itself.

　　K) For example, hotter planets shouldn't be able to form the hazes that blanket colder bodies like Saturn's(土星) moon Titan. Instead, molecules in these same hot atmospheres should emit their own faint light that would pass through clouds, which might be measurable with next-generation telescopes. Or on planets much colder than our own, clouds made from frozen grains of water, methane, or ammonia should be highly reflective, which will help us pick up the signature of those molecules.

　　L) Across the country, on a team with Seager at MIT, postdoc Alexandria Johnson is already at work on the last part. "We're going to take the substances we think are in exoplanet atmospheres and test on them," Johnson says. Her experiment works by levitating a tiny chemical grain in a magnetic field, like a single suspended cloud seed. Then, Johnson shines laser light at the grain at different angles. Eventually, the plan is to match a cloud particle's pattern of reflecting light with the light bouncing off a planet as it circles its star. With that, we'd be able to guess at the composition and size of the clouds there, and we could try to work out the atmosphere underneath.

　　M) As these experiments and others make progress, the clock is ticking. In just two years, Hubble's successor, the James Webb Telescope, is planned for launch. Because it can see at infrared wavelengths, the Webb should have an easier time seeing through clouds.

　　N) But once it launches, the Webb will become the most precious resource in astronomy—an enormous taxpayer-funded observatory coveted by everyone, not just those who study small, enigmatic planets. And unlike Hubble, which had its lifetime extended five separate times by visits from the Space Shuttle, the Webb will be too far away to be fixed. Mindful of Hubble's experience with GJ 1214 b, nobody wants to waste time staring at a veiled rocky planet if we can't be sure it will work.

　　36. There is no super-Earth in solar system.

　　37. The clouds that blocked Hubble's view made it harder to explore some planets.

　　38. Clouds on planets much colder than our own should be highly reflective.

　　39. Planet GJ 1214 b is about the same size as Earth.

　　40. Even the clouds of Earth are thought as enemies by astronomers.

　　41. Some astronomers are seeking new ways to observe planets around or through clouds.

　　42. Hubble had been fixed by five times.

　　43. By shining laser light at the tiny suspended chemical grain at different angles, the composition and size of the clouds can be estimated.

　　44. Creative thinking is needed in observing planet.

　　45. The spectrum measured from light filtered through the planet's atmosphere was featureless and flat.

　　© Section C

　　Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

　　• Passage One

　　If you're one of the nearly four in 10 millennials or one-third of Gen Xers that spend at least nine hours on a digital device each day, you could be putting the health of your eyes at serious risk.

　　A recent study from the Vision Council suggests that 68% of millennials report suffering from the effects of what is known as "digital eye strain".

　　A mix of factors lead to digital eye strain, but the crux is that staring at a glowing display (be it a computer monitor, laptop screen, television, tablet or phone) for long periods is unnatural. Worse, small print and blurry images may cause you to strain in order to focus. You blink less when looking at a screen, which can lead to dryness or irritation in eyes. The blue light emitted by digital displays increases eye strain. Emerging research suggests cumulative and constant exposure to blue light can even damage retinal cells.

　　The symptoms of digital eye strain include uncomfortable eyes that are red, dry or irritated, eye fatigue, blurry vision, watery eyes and headaches.

　　The simplest way to try and avoid digital eye strain is take breaks from staring at your computer screen as often as you can. However, guidelines differ on exactly how often you should take a break from your display. The Vision Council advocates a "20-20-20 break": Every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break and look at something 20 feet away. The Canadian Ministry of Labor suggests a five-minute break away from computer operation for every working hour. If you struggle to remember to take breaks, you could set a timer to remind you.

　　There are also many other ways to help. Adjust your display settings so that you don't have to strain to read or see anything. You could also consider an anti-glare screen for your computer monitor. The lighting of your surroundings and the brightness of the screen you're looking at make a difference. You should make sure the brightness is the same as the light levels in the room. Finally, glasses wearers can talk to their optician about special lens finishes and coatings that help to reduce digital eye strain.

　　46. What can we learn from the first paragraph?

　　A) The millennials are less likely to have serious eye risks than the Gen Xers.

　　B) The quantity of millennials who have serious eye risks is smaller than that of Gen Xers.

　　C) Spending more than nine hours on a digital device per day could hurt the health of eyes seriously.

　　D) If you're neither a millennial nor a Gen Xer, you won't put the health of your eyes at serious risk.

　　47. What is the most primary reason for digital eye strain?

　　A) Gazing at a glowing display for a long time.

　　B) Focusing on small print and blurry images.

　　C) Less blinking when looking at a screen.

　　D) Cumulative and constant exposure to blue light.

　　48. Which is not a digital eye strain symptom?

　　A) Dryness or irritation in eyes.

　　B) Red and tearing eyes.

　　C) Watery eyes and headache.

　　D) Angry eyes and blurry vision.

　　49. How can we avoid digital eye strain?

　　A) Breaking the computer screens as many as we can.

　　B) Having a frequent break from your display.

　　C) Having a 20-feet walk in 20 seconds every 20 minutes.

　　D) Setting a timer every one hour.

　　50. What do we know from the passage?

　　A) Blue light can even cause irrecoverable damage to retinal cells.

　　B) To avoid digital eye strain, we should take a break away from the screen as much as we could.

　　C) The lighting of surroundings and the brightness of the screen should be different.

　　D) Digital eye strain could be cured by wearing glasses with special lens finishes and coatings.

　　• Passage Two

　　Most parents try to teach their kids to tell the truth. But what about the tough truth that some people tell lies? How can parents help kids to recognize a lie when they see it—and protect themselves?

　　"At any age," says deception expert Renee Ellory, "it's key to listen not just to what people say, but what they do." Research has shown that in all cultures, people share seven universal facial expressions. And even when we're trying to hide an emotion, our faces, or our body language, can tell a truth we'd rather hide.

　　Elementary age kids, Ellory says, are naturally great at reading people. In fact, in the classes on deception she teaches, the kids of her adult students often score much higher than their parents at reading non-verbal cues. Parents can keep kids from losing those native skills by giving them the vocabulary to understand what they instinctively know, and it might not hurt to have some fun with quizzes like this.

　　"Middle school kids," says Ellory, "can learn to be on the lookout for lies." But first they have to discard a lot of the conventional wisdom on how to spot a lie. "Honest people get nervous just like liars," says Ellory. The best way to spot deception, according to Ellory: any difference between what a person says aloud and their nonverbal cues. "If someone tells me they went to the store today, then shrugs, it's inconsistent," Ellory says. And if a child sees an inconsistency, she says, parents should encourage them to explore it. "Don't write it off. Don't excuse it. Never explain an inconsistency away."

　　High school kids, Ellory says, should be encouraged to act on what they see, especially in the face of peer pressure. "Never let someone doubt your intuitive sense," Ellory says. And if kids are picking up on inconsistency or deception, “take actions to make yourself safe. Don't let peer pressure sway you.”

　　At any age, Ellory says, "kids are very vulnerable to doubting themselves. And that's when they get into trouble." So parents can protect kids, and help them protect themselves, by letting them know that they always have the right to say no, even to an adult, and to seek help. And by reminding kids that, whether they're with friends or strangers, they should keep an eye out for nonverbal cues, and "trust their instincts at all times".

　　51. What do we know from the second paragraph?

　　A) It's enough to focus on only what people do when spotting a deception.

　　B) What people say can never be trusted.

　　C) People have seven same facial features in all cultures.

　　D) Our body language will tell our real emotion.

　　52. What can we know about elementary age kids from the passage?

　　A) They have an instinct skill to read people.

　　B) They are great at scoring higher than adults naturally.

　　C) They'll lose their native skills when given vocabulary to understand what they instinctively know.

　　D) They can't have fun with quizzes.

　　53. According to Ellory, the best way to recognize a lie is__.

　　A) to discard a lot of the conventional wisdom

　　B) to tell the inconsistency between a person's words and his nonverbal cues

　　C) not to excuse any inconsistency a child sees

　　D) to be brave to face peer pressure

　　54. According Ellory, which is not the way that parents protect kids?

　　A) Teaching them to fight back when they're in trouble.

　　B) Teaching them to use their rights to say no.

　　C) Teaching them to look out for nonverbal cues.

　　D) Teaching them to believe in their instincts.

　　55. Which one should be the best title for the passage?

　　A) How to teach your kids to tell the truth

　　B) How to teach your kids to spot a lie

　　C) People share seven universal facial expressions in all cultures

　　D) Kids should trust their instincts at all times

　　Part IV Translation (30 minutes)

　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate the following passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

　　第一个父亲节，1910年诞生在美国华盛顿。多德夫人 (Mrs. Dodd) 在1906年首次倡导父亲节。多德夫人的父亲在妻子去世后，独自一人抚养起六个孩子；她希望能有一个特别的日子来纪念她的父亲。1972年，在母亲节被定为国家法定假日的六十年后，美国总统尼克松(President Nixon)签署正式文件，将每年6月的第三个星期日定为父亲节，并成为美国永久性的纪念日。

　　答案解析

　　Part I Writing

　　行文思路

　　这是一篇论说文，要求就“送孩子去培训班”这个话题发表看法。根据命题要求，文章结构可安排如下：开头段，先阐述大家对送孩子去培训班的不同看法，继而提出自己的观点；中间段，分点论证自己的观点；结尾段，复述自己的观点，简单作结。

　　范文赏析

　　It has been a common phenomenon that children are sent to training classes as long as they have weekends or holidays. It has roused a hot discussion among the public. Some people say that children deserve playing time. Others argue that they should take advantage of their strong learning ability to grasp knowledge and skill as much as possible.

　　I'm in favor of sending children to training classes. Firstly, training classes can broaden children's vision. They can learn more knowledge that they cannot at home. Secondly, children can also get their skills improved. In certain classes, like dancing, they can also take physical exercise. Furthermore, the gaining of knowledge or skills can make children more confident in schooling and living.

　　To sum up, training classes benefit children a lot in making them more excellent. Of course, parents should also respect the children's opinion when choosing classes. Anyway, a positive attitude will be very helpful in their learning.

　　Part II Listening Comprehension

　　© Section A

　　• News Report One

　　Today we have more good news for all our coffee drinkers around the world. Another new study finds that drinking coffee can help you live longer.

　　Researchers at the Harvard School of Public Health recently discovered that drinking between three and five cups of coffee a day may prevent certain illnesses. They found that coffee can protect against heart disease, brain diseases, type 2 diabetes and suicide.

　　Walter Willett is a nutrition researcher at Harvard and co-author of the study. Willet says the findings extend to both caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee—or decaf, as Americans often call it.

　　So, the health benefits come not just from the caffeine in coffee, but from the compounds in the beans.

　　1. Which disease does coffee protect against?

　　答案：D) Both A and B.

　　点睛解析：听力原文coffee can protect against heart disease...and suicide，正确答案是D。

　　2. Which is right according to the speaker?

　　答案：C) Decaffeinated coffee also protects people from heart disease.

　　点睛解析：听力中提到每天三到五杯咖啡会帮助预防疾病，并不是说越多咖啡越长寿，选项A错误；听力中说含咖啡因和不含咖啡因的咖啡都能预防疾病，所以对健康有益的并不只有咖啡因，还有咖啡豆中的混合物，选项B和D错误，正确答案是C。

　　• News Report Two

　　"Crowdfunding—or soliciting people online to fund projects—is rapidly growing in popularity around the world," experts say. Here's how crowdfunding works: You pitch your project to a large group of people through an online platform. If they are interested in your project, they donate money to fund your project. You pay a fee to the crowdfunding platform for hosting your appeal. For example, a popular site called Indiegogo charges a four percent fee from the total you raise. It also charges US $3 for credit card processing, plus a US $25 wire fee for non-U.S. campaigns. One of the largest crowdfunding sites is Kickstarter. Kickstarter is a funding platform for creative projects. "Since it launched in 2009, over US $2 billion has been pledged by more than nine million people, funding more than 90,000 creative projects," says Kickstarter's website.

　　3. What's the definition of crowdfunding?

　　答案：C) Raising projects fund online

　　点睛解析：听力开头即给出了crowdfunding的解释，即网上征集项目基金，正确答案是C。

　　4. When do we learn Kickstarter from this report?

　　答案：B) Kickstarter was established in 2009.

　　点睛解析：此题考查的是细节把握。听力中并没有提到Kickstarter的收费问题，选项A错误；听力中提到it launched in 2009，选项B正确；Kickstarter是提供人们发布项目信息，筹集资金的平台，不是交易平台，也不是自己投资，选项C 和D错误。

　　• News Report Three

　　This is Columbus Day, the second Monday in October, in the United States. It is a federal holiday. That means most federal offices are closed. The holiday honors the first visit to America by the Italian explorer Christopher Columbus. Columbus thought he could reach the Far East by sailing west across the Atlantic Ocean from Europe. He was right. But he was also wrong. He thought the world was much smaller than it is. He did not imagine that another continent—and another huge ocean—lay between Europe and East Asia. Columbus and his crew arrived in October 1492 on an island they called San Salvador, in today's Bahamas. They explored that island and nearby islands now known as Cuba and Hispaniola. Columbus believed these were the coastal islands of East Asia, then called the Indies. That is why he called the people who lived on the islands "Indians". He refused to accept he was wrong about the geography, even though local plants where he explored were unknown in Europe or Asia, and native people did not understand any languages spoken in the East.

　　5. When is the Columbus Day?

　　答案：B) The second Monday in October.

　　点睛解析：此题是细节题，听力开头就明确给出了答案the second Monday in October，答案为B。

　　6. Where did Columbus plan to go originally?

　　答案：C) East Asia.

　　点睛解析：此题问的是哥伦布原本要去的目的地，而不是最终到达的目的地。听力中Columbus thought he could reach the Far East和Columbus believed these were the coastal islands of East Asia.可以看出，哥伦布要去的地方是East Asia，正确答案是C。

　　7. What nationality is Columbus?

　　答案：B) Italy.

　　点睛解析：本题问的是哥伦布的国籍，也是细节题，从the Italian explorer Christopher Columbus可知，哥伦布是意大利人，正确答案是B。

　　© Section B

　　• Conversation One

　　W: Good morning, sir. Are you checking out now?

　　M: Yes, sorry. I know we're a few minutes late.

　　W: It doesn't matter. Anyway, it's always quite busy at checking out time.

　　M: Oh, really. We were charged US $20 late check out for you for the hotel we stayed at last time.

　　W: Well, our hotel isn't fully booked this week, so that's not a problem. How was everything?

　　M: The room was really large and well decorated. The beds were quite comfortable.

　　W: I'm glad you liked it.

　　M: And we weren't expecting our own fridge. It surprised us.

　　W: Oh, I'm happy to hear that.

　　M: But the kids were a little disappointed. The pool wasn't open this morning.

　　W: My apology for that. We can't get the cleaner finish the cleaning before 11 a.m.

　　M: Well, anyhow, we did have a nice swim last night.

　　W: How would you like to pay? Cash or credit card?

　　M: I'll prefer cash.

　　W: OK. So the total is US $134.

　　M: US $134? I thought it should be US $129. That's what we were told when we checked in yesterday.

　　W: Yes, it is. But on your bill there is an extra food charge.

　　M: Oh, I'm sorry. I forgot that my wife had ordered a plate of nachos for the kids last night.

　　W: No problem. So...from US $140, here's your change and receipt. Now, I'll just ask you for your room keys.

　　M: Here they're.

　　W: OK. Thank you for coming. Goodbye.

　　M: Bye.

　　8. How much did the hotel charge the man for late checking?

　　答案：B) US $0

　　点睛解析：对话中男士道歉说退房晚了几分钟，服务员回答It doesn't matter.正确答案是B。而US $20是男士在上一家旅馆因为晚退房被收取的费用，从对话最后部分可知US $5是男士的妻子点的食物的费用，US $6是找零，都不符合。

　　9. What surprised the man?

　　答案：D) The refrigerator in the room.

　　点睛解析：对话中男士提到And we weren't expecting our own fridge. It surprised us.即表示之前并没有想到房间里会有冰箱，这让他们感到惊喜。正确答案是D。

　　10. Why was the pool not open this morning?

　　答案：C) The cleaner didn't complete the cleaning before 11 am.

　　点睛解析：此题的答案在We can't get the cleaner finish the cleaning before 11 a.m.，即清洁工没能在11点之前清理完，正确答案是C。

　　11. How much did the woman charge finally?

　　答案：A) US $134

　　点睛解析：此题在对话的最后一部分，要特别注意数字。对话中房费是129美元，男士的妻子点了一份食物，又产生了额外的费用，一共是134美元；最后服务员收取了140美元，但是有找零给男士，正确答案是A。

　　• Conversation Two

　　W: Hi, Michael. You look so terrible; what's wrong?

　　M: I am worrying about my politics exam. I'm afraid I will fail it.

　　W: Don't worry. I know you did review hard before the text; maybe you will get a high score.

　　M: Thanks for the comfort.

　　W: You're welcome. So the holiday is coming. Do you have any plan?

　　M: Nope.

　　W: Great, I'm planning a trip to Alaska; and now I'm inviting you to go with me.

　　M: Alaska? Why Alaska?

　　W: Well, it's September now.

　　M: So?

　　W: The best time to watch the aurora is in May and September.

　　M: Aurora? Oh, is it those spectacular pictures in your computer's live show?

　　W: Exactly. And you can try the dogsled you want.

　　M: Yes, I want to. I'm dreaming of that. And will we go to the Glacier National Park?

　　W: If you want, we'll go.

　　M: I'm a little excited now. But we don't have much money.

　　W: Well, I'm taking a part-time job for a whole year. I borrowed some from grandpa. Plus our pocket money, it's enough.

　　M: Oh—oh, it seems you have planned for a long time. When will we leave?

　　W: How about Friday? Today is Monday; you have three days to prepare.

　　M: I want to postpone it for one day; I have a party to join on Wednesday.

　　W: Agreed. So I'll go to book the tickets.

　　M: Thank you. And the last question: Have you told mom the plan?

　　W: Nope.

　　M: Why?

　　M: Because she won't agree.

　　12. What's the relationship between the two conversers?

　　答案：B) Sister and brother.

　　点睛解析：此题的关键词在grandpa和mom上，正确答案是B。

　　13. Why does the girl choose Alaska?

　　答案：A) She wants to watch the aurora.

　　点睛解析：此题问的是女孩想去阿拉斯加的原因，对话中没有明确提到，但是通过女孩“现在是九月份”和“五月和九月是观看极光的最好时间”可知，女孩是想看极光，正确答案是A。而选项B和D都是男孩想要做的事，选项C没有提到。

　　14. Which is not the way the girl gets money?

　　答案：D) Scholarship.

　　点睛解析：此题问哪一个不是女孩旅游费用的来源。对话中提到了兼职、向祖父借钱和零花钱三项，并没有提到奖学金，正确答案是D。

　　15. When will they leave for Alaska?

　　答案：D) Saturday.

　　点睛解析：对话中男孩问什么时候出发，女孩回答Friday，这样有三天时间准备。但是男孩要求多一天准备时间，因为周三有聚会要参加，所以是周六出发，正确答案是D。

　　© Section C

　　• Passage One

　　It was a bad night for Philip whose research had taken longer than he expected. He drove home after a tiring day. He turned into his building's parking lot, only to find no space left. He turned back out and looked for a parking space. He found two free spaces in a small parking lot in the next block. He was so glad to see them that he ignored the sign by the entrance. He parked his car, went home and went to sleep soon. The next morning he went to the small lot but couldn't find his car. He called the police to say that his car had been stolen. The police told him that his car had been taken away by the police, because his car had been parked on a private plot. Philip had to take a bus to the city garage far from the center of town. To get his car back, Philip had to pay US $40. Besides, he got a parking ticket.

　　16. Where did Philip intend to park his car?

　　答案：A) In his building's parking lot.

　　点睛解析：此题问的是他原本打算把车停在哪里。要注意intend的意思。他原本是要把车停在自己家所在大楼的停车场，发现没有位置后才去街上找其他停车场，正确答案是A。

　　17. Why did the police take away Philip's car?

　　答案：C) The plot where his car parked was private.

　　点睛解析：听力原文because his car had been parked on a private plot已经很明确给出了原因，正确答案是C。

　　18. Where did Philip get his car back finally?

　　答案：C) In the city garage.

　　点睛解析：此题是细节题。听力最后提到他不得不乘公交车去远离市中心的城市车库(city garage)取车。正确答案是C。

　　• Passage Two

　　Cigarettes didn't become a threat to public health until the twentieth century. However, since the 1870s, with the rapid development of the cigarette manufacturing machine, the cigarette industry began. This increased the production capacity of cigarettes, and reduced the price.

　　Today cigarette smoking has become a global habit. In the United States, about forty-three percent of the adult men smoke cigarettes regularly, so do thirty-one percent of the adult women. But it's encouraging that millions of people have abandoned smoking. And the number of people who have given up smoking is increasing.

　　Education, income and occupation all exercise a great influence in determining one's smoking habits. Those people living on farms smoke less than people in the city. Men with a higher education and a higher income have a less chance of smoking than men with lower education and a lower income. However, if a well-educated and higher-income man smokes, he is likely to smoke more cigarettes per day. On the other hand, the situation is a little different for women. The number of smokers among women with the higher income and higher education is larger than that among the lower income and lower education groups. These better-educated women are likely to smoke more heavily.

　　19. What reduced the cigarettes' price?

　　答案：D) The rapid development of cigarette-making machines.

　　点睛解析：此题问的是香烟价格降低的原因。第二句和第三句说明原因，香烟制造机器的快速发展带动了香烟工业，从而增加了香烟的产能，降低了香烟的价格，正确答案是D。要注意，文中并没有提到香烟制造工厂或者烟草(tobacco)产量。

　　20. How many American adult women smoke regularly?

　　答案：C) 31% of American adult women

　　点睛解析：此题是细节题，考查对数字的敏感度。从so do thirty-one percent of the adult women可知，正确答案是C。

　　21. Of the following four statements, which one is right according to the speaker?

　　答案：D) More highly educated women are likely to smoke more than other women.

　　点睛解析：此题是判断题，听力最后一句说These better-educated women are likely to smoke more heavily.由此可知选项D正确。城市的男性比农庄的男性吸烟要多，选项A错误；选项B说法不全面；选项C并没有提到。

　　• Passage Three

　　Via times and times of trial and error, merchants have made a series of discoveries about color. For instance, sugar packaged in green sells badly, blue foods are thought as unpleasant, and the makeup should never be wrapped with brown packages. These discoveries are applied to everything from interior decoration to fashion and have already become a whole discipline of color psychology. Our preferences are psychological clearly in some respects. Yellow is the color of the day and thus associated with excitement and energy, while dark blue is the color of the night sky in association with calm and passivity.

　　Experiments show that colors also have a direct physiological effect. Take red and pure blue colors for example. When people are exposed to bright red, their heartbeat speeds up and blood pressure increases. However, when people are exposed to pure blue, their body shows an exactly opposite effect. Red is exciting and pure blue is calming. Red is chosen as the signal for danger. But latest studies claim that vivid yellow color causes a more basic state of alarm and alertness, therefore in some advanced regions, fire engines and ambulances are painted bright yellow to reduce the traffic dead.

　　22. What emotions is dark blue associated with?

　　答案：B) Passivity and calm.

　　点睛解析：此题答案在听力第一段落的最后一句，...while dark blue is the color of the night sky in association with calm and passivity.正确答案是B。

　　23. How will people react if exposed to pure blue?

　　答案：D) To have a lowering in heartbeat and blood pressure.

　　点睛解析：此题是推理题。听力原文中给出了人们在红色颜色下的反应：心跳加速，血压上升；而人们在纯蓝颜色下的反应正好相反，正确答案是D。

　　24. Why are fire engines painted bright yellow in some regions?

　　答案：C) Because yellow color is more alarming.

　　点睛解析：此题的答案在最后一句，黄色更能引起人们的警戒心，所以某些先进地区的消防车和救护车都漆成黄色，正确答案是C。选项D，减少交通死亡是目的，不是原因。

　　25. What is the passage mainly about?

　　答案：C) The psychological and physical effects of colors on people.

　　点睛解析：此题是主旨大意题。听力原文主要讲了颜色对人们心理和生理上的影响，正确答案是C。其他三项都是具体的细节。

　　Part III Reading Comprehension

　　© Section A

　　26. 答案：G) sharply

　　点睛解析：此处缺少数词或副词，可选的有G、I和N三项，根据句意，sharply更符合句意，正确答案是G。

　　27. 答案：F) mounted

　　点睛解析：此处是没有主语的被动式，应填动词的过去分词形式，此处可选选项有很多，需根据词义来选择。mount 可表示“着手，准备”的意思，符合句意，正确答案是F。

　　28. 答案：L) contrast

　　点睛解析：联系上下文，此处应是表达转折意义的介词词组。in contrast 是固定用法，表示“相反，相比之下”的意思；contrary也表示“相反”的意思，但要与介词on连用，正确用法为 on the contrary。

　　29.答案：B) attributed

　　点睛解析：此处缺少谓语动词，且应为过去时态的及物动词。符合要求的有B、C、D、O四项，需根据词义选择符合的一项。attribute 表示“归属，归因于”的意思，用法attribute sth to...表示“把某事归因于……”，符合句意，正确答案是B。

　　30. 答案：E) preserves

　　点睛解析：此处缺少的是名词。preserve作名词时，表示“保护区”的意思，符合句意，正确答案是E。

　　31. 答案：I) along

　　点睛解析：此处缺少的是介词或副词。along 与with连用，表示“和……一起，随同”的意思，正确答案是I。

　　32. 答案：J) encroached

　　点睛解析：此处是现在完成时态，应填动词的过去分词形式，且动词应为不及物动词。encroach表示“侵占”的意思，是不及物动词，后面跟宾语时要与介词on 连用，词义和用法均符合此处要求，正确答案是J。

　　33. 答案：A) retaliation

　　点睛解析：介词in后要跟名词或动词ing形式，此处备选有A、K、M三项。retaliation表示“报复”的意思，符合句意，正确答案是A。

　　34. 答案：D) depleted

　　点睛解析：此处也是现在完成时态，应填动词的过去分词形式，但动词应为及物动词，可作为备选的有C、D、O三项，根据句意，应是“丛林肉类的繁荣贸易减少了大型猫科动物赖以生存的猎物数量”，deplete有“减少”的意思，此处应选D。

　　35. 答案：N) where

　　点睛解析：此处缺少的是一个引导定语从句的引导词；该定语从句修饰的先行词是country，引导词应表示地点，where正好符合此要求，正确答案是N。注意，此处也可用in which。

　　© Section B

　　36. 答案：E

　　点睛解析：此处是对文章细节的考查。根据关键词super-Earth和solar system可定位至E段最后一句。

　　37. 答案：D

　　点睛解析：此处是对文章细节的归纳总结。根据关键词Hubble's view和explore可定位至D段的第一句和第二句，explore对应probe。

　　38. 答案：K

　　点睛解析：此处是对文章细节的考查。根据关键词Clouds, colder和highly reflective可定位至K段的最后一句。

　　39. 答案：A

　　点睛解析：此处是对文章细节的考查。根据关键词GJ 1214 b和size可定位至A段的第一句。

　　40. 答案：F

　　点睛解析：此处是对文章细节的考查。根据关键词Earth和enemies可定位至F段的最后一句。

　　41. 答案：H

　　点睛解析：此处是对文章细节的考查。根据关键词seeking new ways和around or through cloud可定位至H段的第二句。seeking new ways 对应pioneering methods。

　　42. 答案：N

　　点睛解析：此处是对文章细节的归纳总结。根据关键词Hubble和five times可定位至N段的第二句。

　　43. 答案：L

　　点睛解析：此处是对文章细节的归纳总结。根据关键词laser light，chemical grain和composition and size可定位至L段的最后三句。

　　44. 答案：I

　　点睛解析：此处是对文章细节的考查。根据关键词creative可定位至I段的第一句。

　　45. 答案：C

　　点睛解析：此处是对文章细节的归纳总结。根据关键词spectrum和featureless and flat可定位至C段的最后两句。

　　© Section C

　　• Passage One

　　46. 答案：C) Spending more than nine hours on a digital device per day could hurt the health of eyes seriously.

　　点睛解析：第一段落的意思是“接近1/4的千禧代和1/3的X代人，每天至少花费九小时在数字设备上；如果你是其中一种，那么你很可能正在把你的眼睛健康置于严重危险中”。比例的大小并不能说明千禧代比X代有眼睛健康危险的可能性低，也不能说明有眼睛健康危险的人数更少，更不能说明，这两个年代以外的人都没有眼睛健康危险，选项A、B、D错误。每天花费在数字设备上的时间超过九小时会严重伤害眼睛健康，选项C正确。

　　47. 答案：A) Gazing at a glowing display for a long time.

　　点睛解析：此题问的是造成数字视疲劳的主要原因，关键词在primary。第三段落正是解释了几个原因，第一句中crux一词表示“关键，核心”，与primary一词意思相近，可知正确答案为长时间凝视发光显示器，即选项A。

　　48. 答案：D) Angry eyes and blurry vision.

　　点睛解析：第四段落分析了digital eye strain的几种症状，一 一对照即可得知哪种说法是错误的。要注意，此处watery并不表示“水汪汪”，而是“流泪”的意思，irritated 也并不表示“恼怒”，而是“不适，刺激”的意思，所以正确答案为D。

　　49. 答案：B) Having a frequent break from your display.

　　点睛解析：此题问的是如何避免数字视疲劳。第五段落和第六段落给出了方法。第五段落第一句话即给出了最简单的方法：经常从电脑屏幕上移开视线休息一会。此处break表示“休息”的意思，选项B正确。选项A，弄坏电脑屏幕的说法明显错误；选项C，正确说法是每20分钟，向20英尺外看20秒钟，并不是在20秒钟内步行20英尺；从文中可知，能避免数字视疲劳的方法是每小时休息五分钟，设置闹钟是为了提醒自己这样休息，而设置闹钟本身并不是避免视力疲劳的方法，选项D错误。

　　50. 答案：B) To avoid digital eye strain, we should step away from the screen as much as we could.

　　点睛解析：选项B是对第五段落的总结，即要避免数字视疲劳，要尽我们所能地多多远离屏幕。选项A 的信息出现在第三段落的最后一句，注意原文中并没有提到damage是irrecoverable的，选项A错误；选项C和D的信息都出现在最后一段，根据原文，周围的光线和屏幕的亮度对视力疲劳会有影响，应使他们保持一致，选项C错误；原文中关于眼镜镜片的说法，只是说能help，并没有说能cure，属于偷换概念，选项D错误。

　　• Passage Two

　　51. 答案：D) Our body language will tell our real emotion.

　　点睛解析：题干中已经明确此题的出题点在第二段落。第一句即表明，识别谎言，不仅仅要听人们说什么，也要看做什么，选项A、B错误；接下来，研究指出，在所有文化中，人们有七种相同的面部表情，而不是面部特征，选项C错误；最后一句表明，即使我们想要隐藏一种情感时，这种感情也会通过我们的面部或肢体语言表现出来，选项D正确。

　　52.答案：A) They have an instinct skill to read people.

　　点睛解析：此题的出题点在elementary age kids。第三段落一开始即说明小学龄孩子天生就有读懂他人的能力，选项A正确。选项B说法不完整，原文中提到的是，孩子在识别谎言的测验中比成年人得分高；选项C说法与原文相反；选项D说法太过绝对。

　　53. 答案：B) to tell the inconsistency between a person's words and his nonverbal cues

　　点睛解析：此题问的是识别谎言的最好方法是什么，原文出现在第四段The best way to spot deception后，即辨别出一个人的语言和非语言暗示之间的不一致，正确答案是B。

　　54. 答案：A) Teaching them to fight back when they're in trouble.

　　点睛解析：此题答案在最后一段，选项B、C、D原文中均有提到，而fight back在原文中并没有提到，正确答案是A。

　　55. 答案：B) How to teach your kids to spot a lie

　　点睛解析：此题问的是此篇文章最好的标题是哪个，是主旨大意题，要求对文章全面把握。文章以如何教孩子识别谎言开篇，中间从三个学龄阶段分别论述了父母应该怎样做来教孩子识别谎言，最后以父母要教孩子们相信自己的直觉结尾。由此可见，最佳标题应是选项B。

　　Part IV Translation

　　参考译文

　　Father's Day was first observed in Washington, America, in 1910. Mrs. Dodd proposed the idea of Father's Day in 1906 firstly. Mrs. Dodd wanted a special day to honor her father who raised his six children by himself after his wife's death. In 1972, President Nixon signed a formal document to establish a permanent national ceremony of Fathers' Day to be held on the third Sunday of June, coming almost sixty years after Mother's Day had been proclaimed a national holiday. 超精讲，分类练，英语四级简单过