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　　1.1 English Teaching as a Foreign Language in Chinese Universities

　　In 1994, I began to teach English as a foreign language (EFL) in a Chinese university, where, as in all the other Chinese universities, the Course of College English is compulsory. According to the Chinese Higher Education regulations, once entering university, all students must complete four successive terms of College English Course, and the teaching is 64 hours per term. As described in the Chinese Education Ministry's College English Curriculum Requirements (2007), at the end of the fourth semester, students are supposed to achieve the language competence to pass the College English Test (CET) band-4 as a baseline, and the more competent students can pass CET band-6. All the students in Chinese universities strive to learn College English Course in order to pass these examinations, because without a CET band-4 certificate they are not eligible for a bachelor's degree from the universities.

　　EFL teachers give instruction on all the language skills (i. e., listening, speaking, reading, writing, and translating) in the College English classes. Listening and speaking are two new skills for most Chinese students at the university level, because the English instruction in middle schools is basically reading, writing, and translating. Nevertheless, when students get to university, the 64 teaching hours per term are equally distributed among the teaching of the five language skills, and therefore, listening as a brand-new language skill constitutes the main difficulty that confronts Chinese students. 元认知策略研究：二语听力理解与附带词汇习得（英文版）